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<h1>TAG <HEADER> (document heading)</h1>
Below are tags: <MAIN> <ARTICLE> AND <MAIN> <ASIDE>, than
<NAV> (top toolbar), than <FOOTER>.<br><MAIN> <ASIDE> and <NAV> float
above footer when device width is small.</header>
<main>
<article>
<h1>Responsive Two-Column Layout</h1>
<h3>CSS Flexible Box Layout Module Level 1 specification</h3>
<p><strong>Navigation (MAIN.ASIDE)</strong> appear between the header and main content on wide screens,
or <strong>below content </strong>in both the markup and on narrow screens.</p>
<p>By default, sectioning elements are displayed block, taking up 100% of
the width. For our layout, there may appear to be no reason to declare the
following:<br>body {<br>display: flex;<br>flex-direction: column;<br>}<br>
When we declare this, the layout looks the same: we don?t need it for the
narrow layout. We include it for the wider version in which we change the
order of the navigation. The nav in the source code comes after the main
content, which is what we want for narrow viewports, screen readers, and
our search-engine friends. Visually, in wider browsers, we?ll reorder it,
which we?ll cover in a bit. For the narrow viewport, we only need flex for
the layout of the navigation:<br>nav {<br>display: flex;<br>}<br>nav a {<br>
flex: auto;<br>}<br>The five links of the navigation, based on how we
marked it up, appear by default on one line, with the widths based on the
width of the text content. With flex display:<br>flex on the nav and flex:
auto on the links themselves, the flex items grow to take up all the
available horizontal space. Had we declared:<br>nav {<br>display: block;<br>
}<br>nav a {<br>display: inline-block;<br>width: 20%;<br>box-sizing:
border-box;<br>}<br>all the links would be the exact same width?20% of the
parent. This looks perfect if we have exactly five links, but isn?t
robust: adding or dropping a link would ruin the layout.<br></p>
<p><br></p>
<h3>Wider Screen Layout</h3>
<p>For devices with limited real estate, we want to content to appear
before the links, aside, navigation, and footer. When we have more room
available, we want the navigation bar to be directly below the header and
the article and aside to share the main area, side by side.</p>
<p>We used media queries to define a new layout when the viewport is 30
rem wide or greater. We defined the value in rems instead of pixels to
improve the accessibility of the page for users increasing the font size.
For most users with devices less than 500 px wide, which is approximately
30 rem when a rem is the default 16 px, the narrow layout will appear.
However, if users have increased their font size, they may get the narrow
layout on their tablet or even desktop monitor.<br>While we could have
turned the body into a column-direction flex container, with only
sectioning level children, that?s the default layout, so it wasn?t
necessary on the narrow screen. However, when we have wider viewports, we
want the navigation to be between the header and the main content, not
between the main content and the footer, so we need to change the order of
the appearance. We set nav, header { order: -1px; } to make the <header>
and <nav> appear before all their sibling flex items. The siblings default
to order: 0; which is the default and a greater value.</p>
<p>The group order puts those two elements first, with header coming
before nav , as that is the order of the source code, before all the other
flex item siblings, in the order they appear in the source code.<br>We did
want to prevent the layout from getting too wide as the navigational
elements would get too wide, and long lines of text are hard to read. We
limit the width of the layout to 75 rems, again, using rems to allow the
layout to remain stable if the user grows or shrinks the font size. With a
margin: auto; the body is centered within the viewport, which is only
noticeable once the viewport is wider than 75 rems. This isn?t necessary,
but demonstrates that flex containers do listen to width
declarations.<br>We turn the main into a flex container with display: flex
. It has two children. The article with flex: 75% and aside with flex: 25%
will fit side by side as their combined flex bases equals 100%.<br>Had the
nav been a child of main instead of body , we could use flex-wrap to
maintain the same appearance. In this scenario, for the nav to come first
on its own line, we would have made the navigation take up the full width
of the parent main , wrapping the other two children onto the next flex
line. We can force the flex container to allow its children to wrap over
two lines with the flex-wrap property.<br>We could have resolved nav being
a child of main by including:<br>main {<br>flex-wrap: wrap;<br>}<br>nav {<br>
flex-basis: 100%;<br>order: -1;<br>}<br>To ensure the nav was on its own
line, we would have included a flex basis value of 100% with flex: 100%; .
The order: -1 would have made it display before its sibling aside and
article.<br>In our next example, our HTML is slightly different: instead
of an article and an aside , we have three sections of content in the main
part of the page.<br></p>
</article>
<aside>
<h4>Here is the aside</h4>
<p>Remember, when flex basis is 0 , the available space of the container
(not just the extra space) is distributed proportionally based on the
growth factors present. This is not what we want in this case either. We
want the longer content to take up more space than the shorter content.
</p>
<p>In
the case of flex-basis: auto; , the extra space is distributed
proportionally based on the flex growth factors.<br>With all the links set
to flex: auto; , the space not consumed by actual content is divided
equally among the links. The links all have the same growth and shrink
factors. The links will look like they all have equal left and right
padding, with the "padding" changing dynamically based on the available
space.<br> </p>
</aside>
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